This master’s thesis explores the subject of ocular dominance. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and empirical. The theoretical section provides a concise review of existing research on ocular dominance, outlining the methodological limitations and the diversity of conclusions drawn in the literature. It also discusses the most frequently employed techniques for assessing ocular dominance. Furthermore, the phenomenon of binocular rivalry is presented, and the flow of visual information is analyzed, with particular emphasis on brain structures such as the lateral geniculate nucleus and the visual cortex.

The empirical section describes a study on ocular dominance conducted using three different methods: a motor dominance test, a +1.50 diopter lens test, and an original apparatus based on binocular rivalry. The collected data included participants’ age, sex, and spherocylindrical correction. The results were analyzed with respect to refractive parameters and sex, and the three methods were compared. The analysis revealed that the dominant eye may differ depending on the method used, suggesting that ocular dominance is a complex phenomenon shaped by multiple factors.