The present work focuses on the analysis of wind velocity data from airborne measurements conducted in the vicinity of Barbados. Based on these wind velocity measurements, the fundamental turbulence statistics characterizing the energy cascade (integral length scale, Taylor microscale, Kolmogorov microscale, turbulence kinetic energy and the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate) were determined. The analysis of these parameters in the atmosphere, with particular emphasis on clouds, can be used for better modeling of the processes of cloud formation and evolution, which remain a major challenge and represent a significant source of uncertainty in weather and climate forecasts. Turbulence statistics were estimated from the autocorrelation function and the structure function. Before computing the main results, several methods for determining the inertial range used for estimation of the dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy were examined. The universal algorithm developed for determining this range proved effective in the calculations, outperforming the other two proposed methods. The fundamental assumptions used in turbulence description, namely isotropy and equilibrium, were also verified. Observed slopes of the structure function were often far from theoretical. However, based only on the slope value it was not possible to clearly state the presence of non-equilibrium. This deviation could originate also from the quality of data or inaccuracy of theory of 2/3 scaling. In contrast, analysis of the length scales indicated that the assumption of local isotropy is fulfilled. The analysis of turbulence statistics yielded expected results in the form of more intense turbulence within clouds, expressed as an increased turbulence kinetic energy and turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate. Taylor microscale and Kolmogorov microscale were found to decrease within clouds, whereas the integral length scale slightly increased. In particular for the longitudinal component there was a visible increase of this scale within clouds. The integral length scale likewise showed no visible dependence on the conditions inside the cloud. In contrast, the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate increased with height within the cloud, corresponding to an increase in liquid water content.