Frequent measurements within the planetary boundary layer provide vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, pressure, and wind, which are needed to validate Earth’s climate models and improve the accuracy of weather forecasts. Current observations within the planetary boundary layer are either sparse, expensive, or without enough spatial resolution due to the methods used (weather towers, aircraft, balloon surveys, lidars), creating an observational data gap. That’s the motivation for using uncrewed aerial systems for more frequent and less expensive observations within planetary boundary layer observational data gap to monitor diurnal changes above land and sea surface. This thesis aims to compare characteristics of diurnal evolution of planetary boundary layer above sea surface and land, based on drone measurements gathered from research cruises of EUREC4A, MSM112/2, MSM114/2 and two field campaigns conducted in Central Geophysical Observatory of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Belsk (CGOB) in last four year, and determine characteristics of diurnal evolution of stability and air flows for research environments, based on selected case study of measurement days. It also presents difficulties associated with such measurements using drones and shows that they can perform such observations.